What are T and B cells?
The T and B lymphocytes (T and B Cells) are involved in the acquired or antigen-specific immune response given that they are the only cells in the organism able to recognize and respond specifically to each antigenic epitope.
Do B lymphocytes bind to antigens?
B cells have B cell receptors (BCRs) on their surface, which they use to bind to a specific protein. Once the B cells bind to this protein, called an antigen, they release antibodies that stick to the antigen and prevent it from harming the body. Then, the B cells secrete cytokines to attract other immune cells.
Where do lymphocytes interact with antigen?
Lymphocytes respond to antigen in peripheral lymphoid organs, such as lymph nodes or spleen.
Why are lymphocytes called B and T?
Lymphocytes include natural killer cells (which function in cell-mediated, cytotoxic innate immunity), T cells (for cell-mediated]], cytotoxic adaptive immunity), and B cells (for humoral, antibody-driven adaptive immunity). They are the main type of cell found in lymph, which prompted the name “lymphocyte”.
What is the function of B lymphocytes?
B lymphocytes produce antibodies – proteins (gamma globulins) that recognize foreign substances (antigen) and attach themselves to them. B lymphocytes (or B cells) are each programmed to make one specific antibody. When a B cell comes across its triggering antigen it gives rise to many large cells known as plasma cells.
Where do lymphocytes respond to antigen?
Lymphocytes respond to antigen in peripheral lymphoid organs, such as lymph nodes or spleen. As we discuss later, most lymphocytes die in the central lymphoid organ soon after they develop, without ever functioning.
What are T lymphocytes and how do they work?
T lymphocytes are cells that are programmed to recognize, respond to and remember antigens. T lymphocytes (or T cells) contribute to the immune defenses in two major ways. Some direct and regulate the immune responses. When stimulated by the antigenic material presented by the macrophages, the T cells make lymphokines that signal other cells.
How do lymphocytes circulate through the lymphatic system?
The answer is that they continuously circulate between the lymph and blood until they encounter their antigen. In a lymph node, for example, lymphocytes continually leave the bloodstream by squeezing out between specialized endothelial cells lining small veins called postcapillary venules.