What causes Marburg hemorrhagic fever?
Marburg virus disease (MVD) is a rare but severe hemorrhagic fever which affects both people and non-human primates. MVD is caused by the Marburg virus, a genetically unique zoonotic (or, animal-borne) RNA virus of the filovirus family.
What causes Ebola hemorrhagic fever?
The cause of Ebola hemorrhagic fever is Ebola virus infection that results in coagulation abnormalities, including gastrointestinal bleeding, development of a rash, cytokine release, damage to the liver, and massive viremia (large number of viruses in the blood) that leads to damaged vascular cells that form blood …
Is Ebola a type of hemorrhagic fever?
Ebola is one of numerous hemorrhagic fever viruses. Case fatality rates have varied from 25 to 90 percent in past outbreaks.
What is the cure for Marburg virus?
There is no specific treatment for Marburg virus disease. Supportive hospital therapy should be utilized, which includes balancing the patient’s fluids and electrolytes, maintaining oxygen status and blood pressure, replacing lost blood and clotting factors, and treatment for any complicating infections.
What is the common name for Ebola hemorrhagic fever?
Ebola, also known as Ebola virus disease (EVD) and Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF), is a viral hemorrhagic fever in humans and other primates, caused by ebolaviruses.
Why is it called the Marburg virus?
The virus was named after the city of Marburg, where most of the more than 30 cases in the 1967 epidemic were documented. RAVV was discovered in 1987, in a 15-year-old Danish boy who suffered from viral hemorrhagic fever in Kenya; the strain was named for the patient.
What is the survival rate of Marburg virus?
The virus causes severe viral haemorrhagic fever in humans. The average MVD case fatality rate is around 50%. Case fatality rates have varied from 24% to 88% in past outbreaks depending on virus strain and case management. Early supportive care with rehydration, and symptomatic treatment improves survival.
How is Marburg diagnosed?
Diagnosis is made by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) from blood or buccal (oral) swab, often by a reference laboratory. A positive test confirms current infection, but a negative test does not rule out infection until symptoms have been present for at least 72 hours.
What is Marburg and Ebola hemorrhagic fever?
Marburg and Ebola hemorrhagic fevers are severe, systemic viral diseases affecting humans and non-human primates. They are characterized by multiple symptoms such as hemorrhages, fever, headache, muscle and abdominal pain, chills, sore throat, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
What tests are used to diagnose Marburg hemorrhagic fever (HF)?
The IgG-capture ELISA is appropriate for testing persons later in the course of disease or after recovery. In deceased patients, immunohistochemistry, virus isolation, or PCR of blood or tissue specimens may be used to diagnose Marburg HF retrospectively. Treatment There is no specific treatment for Marburg hemorrhagic fever.
What is the history of Marburg virus?
Marburg virus was first recognized in 1967, when outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever occurred simultaneously in laboratories in Marburg and Frankfurt, Germany and in Belgrade, Yugoslavia (now Serbia). Thirty-one people became ill, initially laboratory workers followed by several medical personnel and family members who had cared for them.
What causes viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs)?
Several families of enveloped RNA viruses cause viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs). Filoviruses include the Ebola viruses, which cause Ebola virus disease (EVD), and Marburg virus, which causes Marburg virus disease (MVD).